玩硬體

跟懷舊遊戲相關的硬體，都歸類在此，通常也會同時歸類在玩改機、玩模擬器或是玩週邊，例如樹莓派、開源掌機等等

Sega Saturn的救贖-Saroo燒錄卡深度解析與玩家指南

作者:

Sega Saturn，這款讓無數玩家無法忘懷的經典主機，在現代雖已退居歷史舞台，但其上誕生的許多經典遊戲仍無法被取代。然而，隨著實體遊戲光碟越來越稀有、價格水漲船高，加上主機光碟機老化，再次重溫這些懷舊之作對許多玩家來說變得困難重重。

就在這時，SAROO燒錄卡的問世為玩家提供了一種既經濟又便利的解決方案。這款燒錄卡不僅讓你的Sega Saturn無痛重生，還簡化了運行遊戲的方式(早先的Fenirr需要改機，還要對不同型號的針腳)。同時，它兼具便利性與性價比，成為復古玩家口中不可或缺的神器。本篇文章將深入介紹SAROO燒錄卡，包括其功能、安裝方法、使用技巧以及玩家社群分享的經驗。

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超級任天堂的1Chip型號整理

作者:
超任1Chip型號

這裡會把網路上找來的相關資訊都整理在一起，不定期更新，如果你手上也有1Chip機型，歡迎評論區留下你的機身序號！

什麼是1Chip？

1990年發售的超級任天堂，以下簡稱超任，可說是任天堂有史以來最成功的家用遊戲機之一，總共發行了4900萬台，在16位元世代中傲視當時所有遊戲主機(北美於1991年發售、歐洲於1992年發售)，一直到2003年才正式終止這部主機的生命週期。

期間任天堂內部也不斷地給這台主機進行各種改進開發，因此也存在著各種不同型號的機板，例如最早的超任是獨立音效處理晶片，中期機型整合音效之後以節省成本。再往後期為了進一步節省成本，把影像(PPU)與處理器晶片(CPU)再整合為一，就是我們要找的1Chip機型，由於整合後的晶片，在處理影像與聲音時因為沒有經過多單元處理再整合成輸出的步驟，少了許多電磁干擾因素，因此1Chip的畫質、音質被認為是表現更好的機型。

而到後超任晚年，任天堂再推出SFC Jr.，也就是徹底COST DOWN超任版本之後，雖然這部機型在當時乏人問津，但這版本是全面搭載1Chip最後期的晶片，畫質達到最高級表現，再加上發行量少，現在成了收藏圈的寶物，價格居高不下(但也不至於到天價)。

型號分別

即使是1Chip機型，也存在著三種版本，從機板上就能看到，分別是1Chip-01、1Chip-02、1Chip-03，其中又以1Chip-03最少，畫質最好，價格也最貴。這是國外網站RetroRGB放出來的畫面比較：

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官方懷舊機改機指南整理

作者:

從任天堂的Famicom Classic開始，敲響了這波懷舊風，各家主機大廠紛紛投入懷舊小機機的行列，這種用軟體模擬的機器，就像樹莓派一樣，都可以透過軟體方式進行破解，塞入ROM讓機器執行模擬器，甚至灌入不同模擬器讓小超任跑N64、小PS跑紅白機等玩法，以下收集一些改機指南站點，讓玩家有個方向可以依循：

ModMyClassic https://modmyclassic.com/

[備份] 各主機Scart輸出RGB訊號腳位圖

作者:

這是從國外找來的資料，我覺得滿重要的，為避免來源網站突然消失，這邊做個備份，有需要還是請到原網站查看，點我前往。

I found it on a forum and think it’s valuable data, just in case it disappear suddenly, I decided to make a copy, not to clone in purpose. If I violate your copyright please inform me and I will delete the post ASAP.

Sega Master System/Mega Drive

A/V output comes from an 8 pin female “U” DIN connector. Pinouts are: 1 audio, 2 ground, 3 composite video, 4 +5V DC, 5 green video, 6 red video, 7 composite sync, 8 blue video. RGB output circuit: Sony CXA1145 video encoder IC – outputs come straight from the chip.

Sega Mega Drive 2

A/V comes from a female 9 pin mini DIN connector. Signals are the same as the original Megadrive with the addition of stereo audio. Pinouts are: 1 blue video, 2 +5V DC, 3 green video, 4 composite video, 5 composite sync, 6 audio mono, 7 red video, 8 audio left, 9 audio right, and the metal shield is ground. RGB output circuit: CXA1145/CXA1645/KA2195/MB3514 video encoder IC – outputs come straight from the chip.

Sega Saturn

Connector is a 10 pin mini-DIN type. While it’s a standard connector, it’s extremely rare so don’t expect to be able to buy one from the local electronics shop (or anywhere for that matter). The Saturn puts out luma/chroma (s-video) as well as the usual RGB/CVBS. Pinouts: 1 composite sync, 2 audio right, 3 audio left, 4 +5V DC, 5 red video, 6 green video, 7 blue video, 8 composite video, 9 luminance, 10 chrominance. RGB output circuit: signal comes out a CXA1645 through a 75 ohm resistor and a coupling cap.

Sega Dreamcast

Utilises a proprietary connector for A/V out. Supports CVBS, RGB (TV), RGB (VGA, req. adapter) and luma/chroma. Pin 7 must be connected to ground to enable RGB. Pinouts: 1 ground, 2 audio right, 3 audio left, 4 +12V DC, 5 +5V DC, 6 RGB (VGA) select, 7 RGB (TV) select, 8 vertical sync (for VGA), 9 horizontal sync (for VGA), 10 composite sync, 11 chrominance, 12 luminance, 13 composite video, 14 blue video, 15 green video, 16 red video. RGB output circuit: proprietary DAC.

Super Nintendo

For some unknown reason the RGB output circuits differs between the NTSC and PAL consoles. As a result the cables are different too (though I somehow doubt Nintendo had any intention of releasing a SCART lead for the NTSC SNES).

Proprietary A/V connector. Pinouts: 1 red video, 2 green video, 3 +12V DC, 4 blue video, 5 ground, 6 ground, 7 luminance, 8 chrominance, 9 composite video, 10 +5V DC, 11 audio left, 12 audio right. RGB output circuit:
Pinout is the same as above with the exception of pin 3 which is composite sync instead of +12V. RGB output circuit:

Nintendo Gamecube

Nintendo are up to their old tricks again. The PAL console outputs RGB but not s-video and the NTSC model outputs s-video but not RGB. Therefore this cable will only work on a PAL Gamecube. However, it is possible to get RGB from an NTSC Gamecube by modifying the official component video cable. Here are some guides to the procedure:
How to make NGC’s RGB(VGA) Cable [link fixed]
RARusk’s Nintendo GameCube Component Video Cable RGB Modification [link fixed]
MMMonkey’s NTSC Game Cube RGB Cable

Proprietary A/V connector. Pinouts: 1 red video (PAL only), 2 green video (PAL only), 3 +12V DC, 4 blue video (PAL only), 5 ground, 6 ground, 7 luminance (NTSC only), 8 chrominance (NTSC only), 9 composite video, 10 +5V DC, 11 audio left, 12 audio right. RGB output circuit: proprietary DAC.

Nintendo Wii

Like the Gamecube, RGB video is only available from the PAL Wii.

Proprietary A/V connector (different to the proprietary A/V socket used on previous nintendos). Pinouts: 1 left audio, 2 right audio, 3 composite video, 4 +5v DC, 5 ground, 6 ground, 7 red video (luminance/NTSC), 8 mode select, 9 green video (chrominance/NTSC), 10 mode select, 11 blue video, 12 ground, 13 +12v DC. Pins 14-16 are for something called a Japanese D-Terminal Cable. Mode select pins are normaly left unconnected. When they are connected together, component video (YUV/YPbPr) will output from pins 7, 9 and 11 in place for RGB/S-video. The DC voltage on pin 13 will drop to 5v for widescreen games (will it?).

Sony Playstation/Playstation 2

Propriety connector. Pin outputs: 1 ground, 2 audio left, 3 ground, 4 audio right, 5 luminance, 6 composite sync, 7 chrominance, 8 ground, 9 blue video, 10 +5V DC, 11 red video, 12 green video.
RGB output circuit: signal comes from a CXA1645 and a through a 75 ohm resistor.

2021.9.29補充：有網友實測之後發現PS2的腳位圖有誤，SCART的PIN8(+5V)跑到PIN2，而原指左聲道(PIN2)其實是在PIN6，特此紀錄，將來有機會再實際測試看看，感謝網友Sean Tang！

SNK Neo Geo

Female 8 pin “C” DIN connector. Pinouts: 1 audio mono, 2 ground, 3 composite video, 4 +5V DC, 5 green video, 6 red video, 7 composite sync, 8 blue video. RGB output circuit: signal comes out a CXA1145/MB3514, through a 75 ohm resistor and a coupling cap.

Atari Jaguar

Propriety connector. Pinouts: 1A audio left, 2A audio ground, 3A n/c, 4A video ground, 5A blue video, 6A horizontal sync, 7A green video, 8A chrominance, 9A n/c, 10A INC (???), 11A unregulated DC voltage from power input, 12A n/c, 1B audio right, 2B audio ground, 3B video ground, 4B red video, 5B vertical sync, 6B n/c, 7B video ground, 8B luminance, 9B ground, 10B video ground, 11B composite video, 12B n/c.

Microsoft Xbox

Propriety connector. Pinouts: 1 audio right, 2 audio ground, 3 SP-DIF digital audio, 4 vertical sync?, 5/6/7/8 ground, 9 video output A (blue), 10 video ground, 11 video output B (green), 12 video ground, 13 +5v, 14 audio left, 15 audio ground, 16 horizontal sync?, 17/18/19 video mode select (ground all three for RGB), 20 +12v (RGB Status), 21 video ground, 22 video output C (red), 23 video ground, 24 video output D (composite video). Different audio/video configurations are selectable by maniplating the three video mode select pins (17, 18 and 19). See the Gamesx Xbox pinouts page for more info on this. The DC voltage on pin 20 will drop to +5v for widescreen mode.

and finaly, the Resources

Game Station X – Game console pinouts & modifications
Home video games with RGB monitors – interesting…. [japanese]
Deathskull Laboratories – game console info
BlueTech – game console modifications and other creations
mmmonkey’s console modifications – modifications/fixes with lots of photos

Data sheets in PDF format for:
CXA1145 – [japanese]
ES71145 – CXA1145 compatible
CXA1645
MB3514 – CXA1145 compatible (with Y/C driver output)
KA2195D – CXA1645 compatible (with no Y/C output), may be mistaken as SKA2195D